February 4, 2009

Leaping Lily Pads!

Scientists find 10 possibly new amphibian species in the mountains of Colombia

By Vickie An

Frog enthusiasts are hopping with joy over a recent find. On Monday, scientists announced the discovery of 10 amphibian species thought to be new to science. Among the googly-eyed new creatures are a salamander and nine types of frogs. The little croakers include a spiky-skinned rain frog, poison dart frogs and glass frogs. Glass frogs are named for their see-through skin.

MARCO RADA—CONSERVATION INTERNATIONAL-COLOMBIA This rain frog is one of 10 possibly new amphibian species found in Colombia.

The amphibians were discovered during an expedition in the mountains of northwest Colombia. The South American country is home to one of the world's most diverse amphibian populations. More than 750 amphibian species live in the region.

Paradise Found

During the three-week expedition, scientists recorded 60 amphibian species, 20 types of reptiles, nearly 120 bird species and a number of large mammals. Many of the species that were spotted aren't found anywhere else on Earth. The team was also surprised to find a few amphibian and reptile species that had previously lived only in Central America.

"Once more we confirm we are leaders in natural diversity and not only in our region, but in the world," said Juan Lozano, Colombia's Minister of Environment. "This discovery represents a great milestone for science and human health."

Sounding the Alarm

Scientists often look to amphibians as important indicators of ecosystem health. Amphibians have thin, porous skin that makes them extra sensitive to changes in their environment. This allows experts to study the animals for early warning signs of environmental damages.

Amphibian populations have been declining drastically in the past few decades. As much as one-third of the world's amphibian species are threatened with extinction. Some species have already disappeared. Experts believe habitat destruction, pollution, climate change, disease and predators are the causes.

A Sign of Hope

Still, the new discoveries are encouraging, says amphibian expert Jose Vicente Rodriguez-Mahecha. He is the scientific director of Conservation International in Colombia, an environmental group that participated in the expedition. He hopes the findings will persuade government officials to make the area a protected zone.

"Without a doubt this region is a true Noah's Ark," Rodriguez-Mahecha said. "The high number of new amphibian species found is a sign of hope, even with the serious threat of extinction that this animal group faces in many other regions of the country and the world."

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